バートランド・ラッセル『ヒューマン・ソサエティ-倫理学から政治学へ』- Human Society in Ethics and Politics, 1954
* 原著:Human Society in Ethics and Politics, 1954* 邦訳書:バートランド・ラッセル(著),勝部真長・長谷川鑛平(共訳)『ヒューマン・ソサエティ-倫理学から政治学へ』(玉川大学出版部,1981年7月刊。268+x pp.)
『ヒューマン・ソサエティ』第6章:道徳的義務 n.10 |
Human Society in Ethics and Politics, 1954, chapter 6: Moral obligation, n.10 | |||
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Let us consider for a moment what are the causes that in fact determine a man’s opinions as to what is right. The most important, in the great majority of cases, is moral education in childhood, consisting, in the main, of expressions of disapproval, possibly varied by approval on rare occasions. The disapproval may be merely verbal, or may involve definite punishment; in either case, the child concludes that conduct of a certain sort is blamed, by parents certainly, by neighbours probably, and by God if the child is piously brought up. The association with blame may die down in adult life, and there then remains only a disagreeable feeling connected with acts of the kind in question. This disagreeable feeling may appear as an emotion of disapproval. Of course moral education of this kind is not confined to childhood ; boys and young men acquire readily the moral sentiments of their social milieu, whatever these sentiments may be. The boy who has been taught at home that it is wicked to swear, easily loses this belief when he finds that the schoolfellows whom he most admires are addicted to blasphemy. |