バートランド・ラッセル『ヒューマン・ソサエティ-倫理学から政治学へ』8-6 - Human Society in Ethics and Politics, 1954
* 原著:Human Society in Ethics and Politics, 1954* 邦訳書:バートランド・ラッセル(著),勝部真長・長谷川鑛平(共訳)『ヒューマン・ソサエティ-倫理学から政治学へ』(玉川大学出版部,1981年7月刊。268+x pp.)
『ヒューマン・ソサエティ』第8章:倫理学上の論争 n.6 |
Human Society in Ethics and Politics, 1954, chapter 8: Ethical Controversy , n.6 | |||
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The cases in which an ethical controversy is most difficult to decide on rational grounds are those where there is a genuine difference as to ends. Such cases are less frequent than appears at first sight. Russian aristocrats, until the middle of the nineteenth century, tended to regard their serfs as of no account, not so much because they had a different conception of the good from that of the opponents of serfdom, as because they believed that serfs did not have the same capacity for emotion as their masters. Turgenev’s Sportsman's Sketches, with all the art of a great novelist, gave a sympathetic portrait of the serfs’ joys and sorrows, thereby arousing sensibility a la Rousseau in liberal-minded landowners. Uncle Tom’s Cabin performed the same service for slaves in the United States. In both countries, when men could no longer deny that the oppressed had the same capacity for joy and sorrow as their oppressors, the oppressive institution was abolished. The controversy between its enemies and its defenders was not therefore, really a controversy as to ends, but as to the facts of human beings’ emotions. |