第14章 競争, n.9 - 言論の自由の原則の問題
我々は,この言論の自由の原則の問題を,政府の観点(立場)から,一般市民の観点(立場)から,熱烈な革新者の観点(立場),あるいは哲学者の観点(立場)から見ることができる。まず政府の観点(立場)から見てみよう。 |
Chapter 14: Competition, n.9The doctrine of Liberals, for example of John Stuart Mill in his book On Liberty, was far less extreme than is often supposed. Men were to be free in so far as their actions did not influence others, but when others were involved they might, if expedient, be restrained by the action of the State. A man might, say, have been conscientiously convinced that Queen Victoria ought to be assassinated, but Mill would not have allowed him freedom to propagate this opinion. This is an extreme case, but in fact almost any opinion worth either advocating or combating is sure to affect some one adversely. The right of free speech is nugatory unless it includes the right to say things that may have unpleasant consequences to certain individuals or classes. If, therefore, there is to be any scope for freedom in propaganda, it will need for its justification some stronger principle than Mill's.We may look at this question from the point of view of the government, from that of the average citizen, from that of the ardent innovator, or from that of the philosopher. Let us begin with the point of view of the government. |