In all these various ways, social units larger than the tribe gradually acquire common sentiments, common hopes and common fears ; and when this process has gone far enough, they can act with the same unity as is shown by a primitive tribe.Some such process has gone to the making of nations, but States have usually been made in a different way. Most States have arisen through conquest, and the bulk of their subjects have submitted to authority because they must, not because they had any sentiment of kinship with their rulers.
Source: Bertrand Russell: Human Society in Ethics and Politics, 1954, part II: The Conflict of Passions, chapter 5: Cohesion and Rivalry, n.2
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Japan, which can be described as a monoethnic nation (nation), during the pre-war period of rapid population growth, expanded or invaded the continent (China) to support its growing population. In the case of multiethnic states (states), the formation of such states through negotiation is rare, and the desire for territorial expansion appears to be almost instinctive.
The United States expanded its territory through westward expansion. Although it temporarily held territories such as the Philippines through war, territorial expansion eventually came to a halt.
However, President Trump, following in the footsteps of President McKinley, has shown ambitions to annex territories such as Greenland and Canada, openly revealing imperialistic aspirations. President Trump is approaching the age of 79, and with little time left, there is a concern that he might act recklessly.
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