バートランド・ラッセル『反俗評論集-人類の将来』第1章(松下彰良・訳)
* 原著:Bertrand Russell: Unpopular Essays, 1950
第1章「哲学と政治(1947)」n.20
全ての(影響の)なかで最も興味深いのはヘーゲルのマルクスに対する影響であり、マルクスはヘーゲルの最も空想的な教義(説/信念)のいくつか、特に、歴史は論理的な計画に従って発展し -純粋に抽象的な弁証法と同様に- 自己矛盾を回避する方法を発見することに関心を持つという信念、を引き継いでいる。地球上の広い地域(注:共産主義国や独裁国など)で、もしあなたがこの教義に疑問を持てば、あなたは粛清されるであろう。そうして、政治的にロシアに共感を抱く著名な西欧の科学者達は、自尊心のある論理学者なら誰も認めることができないようなやり方で「矛盾」という言葉を使うことによて彼らの共感を示すのである。(訳注:ラッセルは、1934年に発表されたルイセンコ学説などをイメージしていると思われます。ルイセンコの理論はメンデル遺伝学と「遺伝子」の概念を否定し、自然選択を否定することでダーウィン進化論から逸脱しました。) |
Philosophy and Politics, (1947),n.20To any one who still cherishes the hope that man is a more or less rational animal, the success of this farrago of nonsense must be astonishing. In his own day, his system was accepted by almost all academically educated young Germans, which is perhaps explicable by the fact that it flattered German self-esteem. What is more surprising is its success outside Germany. When I was young, most teachers of philosophy in British and American universities were Hegelians, so that, until I read Hegel, I supposed there must be some truth in his system; I was cured, however, by discovering that everything he said on the philosophy of mathematics was plain nonsense.Most curious of all was his effect on Marx, who took over some of his most fanciful tenets, more particularly the belief that history develops according to a logical plan, and is concerned, like the purely abstract dialectic, to find ways of avoiding self-contradiction. Over a large part of the earth's surface you will be liquidated if you question this dogma, and eminent Western men of science, who sympathize politically with Russia, show their sympathy by using the word "contradiction" in ways that no self-respecting logician can approve. |