バートランド・ラッセル『ヒューマン・ソサエティ－倫理学から政治学へ』第２部[「情熱の葛藤」- 第２章- Human Society in Ethics and Politics, 1954, Part II, chapter 7
* 原著：Human Society in Ethics and Politics, 1954* 邦訳書：バートランド・ラッセル(著),勝部真長・長谷川鑛平(共訳)『ヒューマン・ソサエティ－倫理学から政治学へ』(玉川大学出版部,1981年７月刊。268+x pp.)
『ヒューマン・ソサエティ』第２部「情熱の葛藤」- 第８章「征服?」n.1 |
Human Society in Ethics and Politics, 1954, part II: The Conflict of Passions, chapter 8: Conquest ? n1 |
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In this chapter I wish to consider what part, if any, can be played by military force in the establishment of a single world-wide authority such as could make large-scale wars impossible. In the present state of tension, there is a likelihood, or at least a possibility, that on one side or another apprehension and insecurity may become unbearable. If that happens, it will bring with it a belief that a solution is to be found in victory of our own side (whichever that may be) after a world war in which the other side will have suffered irretrievable defeat. This is in fact one of the chief reasons for uneasiness while the East-West tension lasts. There may easily come a moment when the nervous strain becomes unbearable. For this reason, if for no other, it is worth while to examine what hopes of a happy issue there would be if a world war were to begin in circumstances like those now existing. If a world war were to begin tomorrow, there would be three logically possible issues; There might be a victory of the West; there might be a Communist victory; or the war might end in a draw. In this last event, there would remain two future possibilities: the resulting peace, like the Treaty of Amiens, might be merely a breathing-space during which both sides would prepare to renew the combat as soon as possible; or it might, like the Treaty of Westphalia at the end of the Thirty Years War, mark the end of an epoch of ideological strife and inaugurate a period of mutual toleration. I do not wish, at the moment, to consider what would happen if the war ended in a draw, leaving the combatants intact as organized States. What I wish to consider is whether any desirable form of world government could emerge from the victory of either side. |