バートランド・ラッセル『ヒューマン・ソサエティ-倫理学から政治学へ』- Human Society in Ethics and Politics, 1954
* 原著:Human Society in Ethics and Politics, 1954* 邦訳書:バートランド・ラッセル(著),勝部真長・長谷川鑛平(共訳)『ヒューマン・ソサエティ-倫理学から政治学へ』(玉川大学出版部,1981年7月刊。268+x pp.)
『ヒューマン・ソサエティ』第6章:道徳的義務 n.6 |
Human Society in Ethics and Politics, 1954, chapter 6: Moral obligation, n.6 | |||
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According to this theory, there are a pair of opposite emotions which may be called “moral approval” and “moral disapproval” respectively; when a man feels the former towards a contemplated act, he will be right if he performs it, and when the latter he will be wrong. Or we may take the more emphatic view that an inner voice says “do this” or “do not do that”, whenever the agent chooses to listen for it. The daimon to which Socrates trusted was of this sort, except that it only gave negative commands: it forbade wrong actions, but did not enjoin right ones. There is no important difference between the two forms of the theory, which take “approval” as an emotion, or as an inner voice. I shall discuss the former, but just the same considerations are applicable to the latter. |